OMIA:000837-9685 : Vitamin D-deficiency rickets, type IA in Felis catus (domestic cat)

In other species: dog , pig

Categories: Skeleton phene (incl. short stature & teeth)

Possibly relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s)s (MIM numbers): 264700 (trait) , 609506 (gene)

Links to MONDO diseases:

Mendelian trait/disorder: yes

Mode of inheritance: Autosomal recessive

Considered a defect: yes

Key variant known: yes

Year key variant first reported: 2009

Cross-species summary: Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) is synthesised in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol by the action of UV radiation from sunlight. Cholecalciferol, however, has very little biological activity: it requires two hydroxylations in order to become (biologically) active. The first hydroxylation, catalysed by cholecalciferol 25-hydroxylase, occurs in the liver. The second of these hydroxylations occurs in the kidney under the action of the enzyme 25-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol 1-hydroxylase. The resultant active form of vitamin D (called 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or 1,25(OH)sub2D) is a steroid hormone that plays a vital role in whole-body calcium homeostasis. Vitamin D-deficieny rickets, type 1A (previously known as Pseudo-vitamin D deficiency rickets) is an inherited deficiency of the 1-hydroxylase enzyme, due to mutations in the gene that encodes this enzyme, namely CYP27B1. As expected, this deficiency results in clinical signs indistinguishable from those seen in individuals suffering from non-genetic lack of vitamin D, most commonly resulting from a dietary deficiency of calcium or insufficient exposure to sunlight. The clinical signs of rickets (inherited and non-genetic) arise from defects in calcium homeostasis. The most noticeable effects include a failure of calcification of bones (leading to bowing of limbs) and delayed dentition.

Species-specific name: Osteomalacia

Species-specific symbol: VDDRI

Molecular basis: Giesen et al. (2009) reported an affected cat with two mutations in the CYP27B1 gene: a missense mutation (Val75Met) and a single base deletion (731delG), the latter of which is more likely to be the cause of the clinical signs. Grahn et al. (2012) reported a second causative mutation also in exon 4 of the same gene: "exon 4 G637T nonsense mutation results in a premature protein truncation, changing a glutamic acid to a stop codon, E213X, likely causing the clinical presentation of rickets."

Genetic engineering: Unknown
Have human generated variants been created, e.g. through genetic engineering and gene editing

Clinical features: Gahn et al. (2012): "A 3-month-old female Siamese mix was referred ... with clinical signs including lethargy, obstipation, pelvic limb gait abnormality and evidence of generalized pain/sensitivity. Orthogonal radiographic imaging indicated marked osteopenia and radiolucency of the femoral necks, capital and distal physis, distal femur and proximal tibia. Additionally, pelvic asymmetry was observed ... . ... complete blood counts were within normal ranges while ... elevated alkaline phosphatase ... and creatinine phosphokinase ... and decreased calcium ... [were reported].

Breeds: Domestic Shorthair, Siamese X.
Breeds in which the phene has been documented. For breeds in which a likely causal variant has been documented, see the variant table below

Associated gene:

Symbol Description Species Chr Location OMIA gene details page Other Links
CYP27B1 cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 Felis catus B4 NC_058374.1 (84037172..84031492) CYP27B1 Homologene, Ensembl , NCBI gene

Variants

By default, variants are sorted chronologically by year of publication, to provide a historical perspective. Readers can re-sort on any column by clicking on the column header. Click it again to sort in a descending order. To create a multiple-field sort, hold down Shift while clicking on the second, third etc relevant column headers.

WARNING! Inclusion of a variant in this table does not automatically mean that it should be used for DNA testing. Anyone contemplating the use of any of these variants for DNA testing should examine critically the relevant evidence (especially in breeds other than the breed in which the variant was first described). If it is decided to proceed, the location and orientation of the variant sequence should be checked very carefully.

Since October 2021, OMIA includes a semiautomated lift-over pipeline to facilitate updates of genomic positions to a recent reference genome position. These changes to genomic positions are not always reflected in the ‘acknowledgements’ or ‘verbal description’ fields in this table.

OMIA Variant ID Breed(s) Variant Phenotype Gene Allele Type of Variant Source of Genetic Variant Reference Sequence Chr. g. or m. c. or n. p. Verbal Description EVA ID Inferred EVA rsID Year Published PubMed ID(s) Acknowledgements
502 Vitamin D-deficiency rickets, type I CYP27B1 deletion, small (<=20) Naturally occurring variant Felis_catus_9.0 B4 g.86180281del c.731del p.(R244Pfs*32) XM_003988966.3; XP_003989015.1; published as c.731delG 2009 19138382 Genomic position in Felis_catus_9.0 provided by Leslie Lyons and Reuben Buckley.
315 Siamese (Cat) Vitamin D-deficiency rickets, type I CYP27B1 nonsense (stop-gain) Naturally occurring variant Felis_catus_9.0 B4 g.86180375C>A c.637G>T p.(E213*) XM_003988966.3; XP_003989015.1; rs5334475145 2012 22553308 Variant coordinates obtained from or confirmed by EBI's Some Effect Predictor (VEP) tool

Cite this entry

Nicholas, F. W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2023). OMIA:000837-9685: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. https://omia.org/. https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70

References

Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.

2021 Clarke, K.E., Hurst, E.A., Mellanby, R.J. :
Vitamin D metabolism and disorders in dogs and cats. J Small Anim Pract 62:935-947, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34323302. DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13401.
2012 Grahn, R.A., Ellis, M.R., Grahn, J.C., Lyons, L.A. :
A novel CYP27B1 mutation causes a feline vitamin D-dependent rickets type IA. J Feline Med Surg 14:587-90, 2012. Pubmed reference: 22553308. DOI: 10.1177/1098612X12446637.
2011 MacKenzie, J.M., Crawford, J., Ghantous, S. :
Successful therapy of vitamin D-dependant rickets in a kitten. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 47:290-3, 2011. Pubmed reference: 21673332. DOI: 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-5610.
2009 Geisen, V., Weber, K., Hartmann, K. :
Vitamin D-dependent hereditary rickets type I in a cat. J Vet Intern Med 23:196-9, 2009. Pubmed reference: 19138382. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.00220.x.

Edit History


  • Created by Frank Nicholas on 20 Jul 2011
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 07 Oct 2011
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 17 Nov 2011
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 09 Dec 2011
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 24 Nov 2012
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 07 Dec 2012
  • Changed by Imke Tammen2 on 19 May 2023