OMIA:000494-9796 : Cushing syndrome, generic in Equus caballus (domestic horse) |
In other species: dog , domestic ferret , domestic cat , rabbit , golden hamster , domestic guinea pig
Categories: Endocrine / exocrine gland phene (incl mammary gland)
Links to possible relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s) in OMIM: 169170 (trait) , 201710 (trait)
Single-gene trait/disorder: unknown
Disease-related: yes
Cross-species summary: Cushing syndrome (or hyperadrenocorticism) refers to a group of clinical syndromes that are caused by a chronic excess of glucocorticoid activity, which can be due to a range of endogenous (e.g., genetic or neoplasms) or exogenous (iatrogenic) steroid hormones. (Modified from ALIVE recommendations (PMID:40872711). Entries for Cushing syndrome - ACTH-Dependent—Pituitary-Dependent Hypercortisolism Cushing syndrome may be included here and for some species also under OMIA:000247. Renamed from 'Hyperadrenocorticism, generic' to 'Cushing syndrome, generic' [10/09/2025].
Species-specific name: Also know as Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction or Cushing disease
Species-specific symbol: PPID
Contact us
If you notice anything missing or in need of change, please contact us at: [email protected].
Cite this entry
Nicholas, F. W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2013). OMIA:000494-9796: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. https://omia.org/. https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70
References
Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.
| 2025 | Davis, E.L., Wood, A.D., Potier, J.F.N. : |
| Prevalence and progression of resting ACTH, insulin and adiponectin values as indicators of suspected endocrine diseases in sport horses and ponies compared to non-sport horses, ponies and donkeys. Animals (Basel) 15:1316, 2025. Pubmed reference: 40362130. DOI: 10.3390/ani15091316. | |
| Fouché, N., Doras, C., Schüpbach-Regula, G., Scherer, A., Freudenschuss, B., Gerber, V. : | |
| Association between adrenocorticotropic hormone concentration and clinical signs of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in Swiss and Austrian equids. J Vet Intern Med 39:e70008, 2025. Pubmed reference: 40095750. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.70008. | |
| Massardi, E., Gaudenzi, G., Carra, S., Oldani, M., Rybinska, I., Persani, L., Vitale, G. : | |
| Cushing's disease in the animal kingdom: Translational insights for human medicine. Int J Mol Sci 26:8626, 2025. Pubmed reference: 40943544. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26178626. | |
| Menzies-Gow, N.J. : | |
| Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Vet Sci 12:780, 2025. Pubmed reference: 40872730. DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12080780. | |
| Niessen, S.J.M., Behrend, E.N., Fracassi, F., Church, D.B., Foster, S.F., Galac, S., Melian, C., Pöppl, Á.G., Ramsey, I.K., Sieber-Ruckstuhl, N.S. : | |
| Agreeing Language in Veterinary Endocrinology (ALIVE): Cushing's syndrome and hypoadrenocorticism-A modified Delphi-method-based system to create consensus definitions. Vet Sci 12:761, 2025. Pubmed reference: 40872711. DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12080761. | |
| 2024 | Bouquet, A. : |
| Assessing quality of life in horses and ponies with PPID. Vet Rec 194:41, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38180225. DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3829. | |
| Cash, C.M., de Laat, M.A. : | |
| Distribution and sequence analysis of the melanocortin 2 receptor in horses and ponies. Domest Anim Endocrinol 90:S0739-7240(24)00059-6:106896, 2024. Pubmed reference: 39591910. DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106896. | |
| Colbath, A.C., Fortin, J.S., Burglass, C.M., Panek, C., Vergara-Hernandez, F.B., Johnson, T.N., Robison, C.A., Logan, A.A., Nelson, N.A., Nielsen, B.D., Schott, H.C. : | |
| Lumbar vertebral bone density is decreased in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Equine Vet J 56:368-376, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38151767. DOI: 10.1111/evj.14039. | |
| Ireland, J.L., Lester, A., Banse, H.E. : | |
| Factors affecting measurement of basal adrenocorticotropic hormone in adult domestic equids: A scoping review. Vet J 304:106071, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38341024. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106071. | |
| Menzies-Gow, N.J., Banse, H.E., Duff, A., Hart, N., Ireland, J.L., Knowles, E.J., McFarlane, D., Rendle, D. : | |
| BEVA primary care clinical guidelines: Diagnosis and management of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Equine Vet J 56:220-242, 2024. Pubmed reference: 37795557. DOI: 10.1111/evj.14009. | |
| 2023 | Adams, A.A., Siard-Altman, M.H., Reedy, S.E., Barker, D., Elzinga, S., Sanz, M.G., Urschel, K., Ireland, J.L. : |
| Evaluation of seasonal influences on adrenocorticotropic hormone response to the thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test and its accuracy for diagnosis of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Vet J 300-302:106035, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37802466. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106035. | |
| de Laat, M.A., Sillence, M.N. : | |
| Diagnosis of equine endocrinopathies: The value of measuring blood glucose during an oral glucose test. Vet J 300-302:106034, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37778651. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106034. | |
| Stewart, A.J., Ireland, J.L., Durham, A.E., McGowan, C.M. : | |
| Diagnosis of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Vet J 300-302:106036, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37805159. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106036. | |
| 2013 | Smiet, E. : |
| [Equine Cushing's disease; an update]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 138:162-5, 2013. Pubmed reference: 23513997. | |
| 2004 | Johnson, PJ., Messer, NT., Ganjam, VK. : |
| Cushing's syndromes, insulin resistance and endocrinopathic laminitis. Equine Vet J 36:295-8, 2004. Pubmed reference: 15147141. DOI: 10.2746/0425164044877288. | |
| Keen, JA., McLaren, M., Chandler, KJ., McGorum, BC. : | |
| Biochemical indices of vascular function, glucose metabolism and oxidative stress in horses with equine Cushing's disease. Equine Vet J 36:194-8, 2004. Pubmed reference: 15147123. DOI: 10.2746/0425164044877279. | |
| Sgorbini, M., Panzani, D., Maccheroni, M., Corazza, M. : | |
| Equine cushing-like syndrome: diagnosis and therapy in two cases. Vet Res Commun 28 Suppl 1:377-80, 2004. Pubmed reference: 15373001. DOI: 10.1023/b:verc.0000045368.38959.8b. | |
| 2002 | Donaldson, M.T., LaMonte, B.H., Morresey, P., Smith, G., Beech, J. : |
| Treatment with pergolide or cyproheptadine of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (equine Cushing's disease) J Vet Intern Med 16:742-6, 2002. Pubmed reference: 12465775. DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(2002)016<0742:twpoco>2.3.co;2. | |
| Johnson, P.J. : | |
| The equine metabolic syndrome peripheral Cushing's syndrome Veterinary Clinics of North America - Equine Practice 18:271-+, 2002. | |
| McCue, P.M. : | |
| Equine Cushing's disease Veterinary Clinics of North America - Equine Practice 18:533-43, viii, 2002. | |
| Schott, H.C. : | |
| Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction: equine Cushing's disease Veterinary Clinics of North America - Equine Practice 18:237-+, 2002. | |
| 2001 | Reeves, H.J., Lees, R., McGowan, C.M. : |
| Measurement of basal serum insulin concentration in the diagnosis of Cushing's disease in ponies Vet Rec 149:449-52, 2001. Pubmed reference: 11688747. DOI: 10.1136/vr.149.15.449. | |
| van der Kolk, J.H., Ijzer, J., Overgaauw, P.A.M., van der Linde-Sipman, J.S. : | |
| Pituitary-independent Cushing's syndrome in a horse Equine Vet J 33:110-2, 2001. Pubmed reference: 11191603. DOI: 10.2746/042516401776767368. | |
| 2000 | Dybdal, N. : |
| Equine Cushing's disease research (Reprinted from UCD Horse Report) Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 20:87-+, 2000. | |
| Harman, J.C. : | |
| Natural medicine for Cushing's syndrome Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 20:84-+, 2000. | |
| van der Kolk, J.H., Wensing, T. : | |
| Urinary concentration of corticoids in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia or hyperadrenocorticism Veterinary Quarterly 22:55-57, 2000. Pubmed reference: 10682389. | |
| Wlaschitz, S., Frohlich, W., Riedelberger, K. : | |
| The Equine Cushing's syndrome in a female horse [German] Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 87:130-137, 2000. | |
| 1999 | Douglas, R. : |
| Circadian cortisol rhythmicity and equine Cushing's-like disease Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 19:684-+, 1999. | |
| Levy, M., Sojka, J.E., Dybdal, N.O. : | |
| Diagnosis and treatment of equine Cushing's disease Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 21:766-769, 1999. | |
| 1998 | Froin, H.R., Assmann, G., Hoppen, H.O. : |
| [Equine Cushings-syndrome] [German] Praktische Tierarzt 79:16-21, 1998. | |
| 1997 | Daft, B.M., Barr, B.C., Collins, N., Sverlow, K. : |
| Neospora encephalomyelitis and polyradiculoneuritis in an aged mare with cushings-disease Equine Vet J 29:240-3, 1997. Pubmed reference: 9234020. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb01678.x. | |
| Mazan, M.R. : | |
| Medical management of a full-thickness tear of the retroperitoneal portion of the rectum in a horse with hyperadrenocorticism Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 210:665 ff., 1997. | |
| Okada, T., Yuguchi, K., Kiso, Y., Morikawa, Y., Nambo, Y., Oikawa, M., Sasaki, F. : | |
| A case of a pony with cushings disease J Vet Med Sci 59:707-10, 1997. Pubmed reference: 9300369. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.59.707. | |
| 1996 | Carrasco, L., Mendez, A., Jensen, H.E. : |
| Chronic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a horse with Cushings-syndrome Mycoses 39:443-7, 1996. Pubmed reference: 9145001. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1996.tb00094.x. | |
| Couetil, L., Paradis, M.R., Knoll, J. : | |
| Plasma adrenocorticotropin concentration in healthy horses and in horses with clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 10:1-6, 1996. Pubmed reference: 8965262. | |
| Couetil, L.L. : | |
| New developments in equine Cushing's disease Equine Practice 18:28-32, 1996. | |
| Munoz, M.C., Doreste, F., Ferrer, O., Gonzalez, J., Montoya, J.A. : | |
| Pergolide treatment for cushings syndrome in a horse Vet Rec 139:41-3, 1996. Pubmed reference: 8839490. DOI: 10.1136/vr.139.2.41. | |
| 1995 | Thompson, J.C., Ellison, R., Gillett, R., Badcoe, L. : |
| Problems in the diagnosis of pituitary adenoma (Cushing's syndrome) in horses New Zealand Veterinary Journal 43:79-82, 1995. | |
| Vanderkolk, J.H., Wensing, T., Kalsbeek, H.C., Breukink, H.J. : | |
| Lipid metabolism in horses with hyperadrenocorticism Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 206:1010-1012, 1995. Pubmed reference: 7768707. | |
| 1993 | Love, S. : |
| Equine Cushing's Disease British Veterinary Journal 149:139-153, 1993. Pubmed reference: 8485640. DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1935(05)80084-3. |
Edit History
- Created by Frank Nicholas on 06 Sep 2005
- Changed by Carrie Finno on 11 Dec 2013