Categories: Growth / size / body region phene

Single-gene trait/disorder: yes

Mode of inheritance: Autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance

Disease-related: yes

Key variant known: yes

Year key variant first reported: 2022

Species-specific description: Grohs et al. (2022): "this study expands the clinical spectrum of TWIST1 haploinsufficiency in Mammals by reporting the first evidence (to our knowledge) of abdominal hernia in a small proportion of cattle heterozygous for a natural frameshift variant"

Inheritance: Grohs et al. (2022): "Pedigree analysis suggested an autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance and revealed that all cases descended from one founder of the French polled Charolais population born in 1988 (DEDAIN: CHAFRAM009588100135".

Breed: Charolais (Cattle) (VBO_0000177).
Breeds in which the phene has been documented. (If a likely causal variant has been documented for the phene, see the variant table breeds in which the variant has been reported).

Associated gene: