In other species: Japanese medaka , axolotl , marine toad , dark-spotted frog , Japanese wrinkled frog , Tufted capuchin , Rhesus monkey , hamadryas baboon , dog , red fox , domestic ferret , domestic cat , lion , humpback whale , ass (donkey) , pig , red deer , American bison , taurine cattle , rabbit , golden hamster , Mongolian gerbil , domestic guinea pig , Japanese ratsnake , thirteen-lined ground squirrel , ball python , water buffalo , four-striped grass mouse , ocelot gecko , American mink , Rice frog , Japanese raccoon dog

Categories: Pigmentation phene , Vision / eye phene

Links to possible relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s) in OMIM: 203100 (trait) , 606952 (trait) , 606933 (gene)

Single-gene trait/disorder: yes

Mode of inheritance: Probably autosomal recessive

Disease-related: yes

Key variant known: yes

Year key variant first reported: 2022

Cross-species summary: Congenital lack of pigment in most parts of the body. Due to a non-functional form of the enzyme tyrosinase. Also known as oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), acromelanism and as the Himalayan coat-colour pattern.

Species summary: See also 'OMIA:002280-1960652 : Coat colour, albinism, generic in Notamacropus rufogriseus (red-necked wallaby)'. The albino animals reported by Guillery et al. (1999) were also suspected to have a TYR variant. [IT thanks Emma Faull for contributions to this entry in September 2025]

Species-specific name: Albino

Molecular basis: Hayashi et al. (2022): "PCR and sequencing analyses of [the functional candidate gene] TYR ... of this albino wallaby revealed a 7.1-kb-long DNA fragment inserted in the first exon." The albino animal was homozygous for the insertion.

Clinical features: Hayashi et al. (2022) reported a red-necked wallaby with oculocutaneous albinism: red eyes and white hair and pinkish skin.

Associated gene: